Classical and scientific management theories emphasize efficiency and task specialization through systematic study of workers ...

Learn how Henri Fayol’s management theory shaped administrative principles still used by modern businesses. Explore all 14 ...

A method of social planning is presented which can be used to fulfill a social welfare criterion with normative values. The purpose is to show how a social welfare model which includes cultural norms ...

Calculus of variations establishes a framework to determine the extrema of functionals—mappings from functions to real numbers—which has been pivotal in elucidating natural principles such as the ...

The Southern Economic Journal features original, refereed scholarly articles in all areas of economics as well as contributions on the pedagogy of economics. The journal also contains occasional ...

In classical control theory, both open-loop and closed-loop control systems are commonly used. These systems are well understood and rather straightforward, controlling everything from washing ...