Imaginary numbers might seem like unicorns and goblins — interesting but irrelevant to reality. But for describing matter at its roots, imaginary numbers turn out to be essential. They seem to be ...

Coordinating complicated interactive systems, whether it's the different modes of transportation in a city or the various components that must work together to make an effective and efficient robot, ...

William Ross does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

In a previous post, I argued that concepts and concerns, such as free will and determinism, can be complex in the same sense in which numbers can be: in other words, in combining a real with an ...

Sharp-beaked ground finch Ground finches Crushing bills Seed eaters Small ground finch Ground finches Crushing bills Seed eaters Medium ground finch Ground finches Crushing bills Seed eaters Large ...