As the speed of DSP's and digital hardware keeps increasing, software and digital hardware are replacing traditional analog hardware, making today's gizmos and gadgets smarter, more reliable, less ...

Complex numbers are numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number. Complex numbers are the building blocks of more intricate math, such as algebra. They can be applied to ...

Figure 4. A snapshot, in time, of two complex numbers whose exponents, and thus their phase angles, change with time. The notion of negative frequency is often troubling to engineers who've spent so ...