From our study of C++, it should be clear that, unlike class encapsulation and single inheritance, which were essentially free in C, polymorphism in C involves some complexity and overhead. In the ...

Conveniently, some of C’s features, both in the language and the pre-processor, can be co-opted into providing Modula-like capabilities. These features, in conjunction with a set of conventions, make ...

A lot of programming languages these days feature lambda functions, or what I would be just as happy to call anonymous functions. Some people make a big deal out of these but the core idea is very … ...

One of the most critical aspects of object-oriented programming is encapsulation, which allows one to define labels for the data members and member functions, to specify if they are accessible from ...