The most widely used technique for finding the largest or smallest values of a math function turns out to be a fundamentally difficult computational problem. Many aspects of modern applied research ...

a) Conceptual diagram of the on-chip optical processor used for optical switching and channel decoder in an MDM optical communications system. (b) Integrated reconfigurable optical processor schematic ...

Variable selection is central to sparse modeling, and many methods have been proposed under various model assumptions. Most existing methods are based on an explicit functional relationship, while we ...

The EM algorithm is a very popular and widely applicable algorithm for the computation of maximum likelihood estimates. Although its implementation is generally simple, the EM algorithm often exhibits ...