In the late 19th century, Karl Weierstrass invented a fractal-like function that was decried as nothing less than a “deplorable evil.” In time, it would transform the foundations of mathematics.

Cylindrical and spherical coordinates, double and triple integrals, line and surface integrals. Change of variables in multiple integrals; gradient, divergence, and ...

We’re about to start working with gradient vectors in Calculus 3, and this topic uses a curious mathematical symbol: the We’re about to start working with gradient vectors in Calculus 3, and this ...