Electrified telegraphy was the first practical use of electricity for long-distance communication. This was a tremendous improvement over flashing lights and waving signal flags. The well-known Morse ...

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is an essential technology in modern communications, enabling the identification of various signal modulation schemes without prior knowledge, thereby ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...

The Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems IPMS in Germany is a leading research institute in the area ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. There are currently some new, exotic modulation methods under development. Although these methods ...

Error vector magnitude (EVM) is a measure of modulation quality and error performance in complex wireless systems. It provides a method to evaluate the performance of ...

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Studies have indicated that electrical stimulation could increase solutes diffusion in the brain and perivascular influx in the glymphatic pathway. Transcranial magnetic stimulation could accelerate ...