Programmable logic controllers (PLC) save time, money, and energy in process control systems. They simplify systems. A brief history of manufacturing processes sets the stage for how to use modern ICs ...

“Cyber-physical systems” are the next generation of closely integrated physical and cyber systems. Several critical systems such as the power grid, autonomous transportation systems, and process ...

Classification yard performance has a direct impact on network velocity and efficiency. Process control systems are helping improve that performance. Classification yards tend to be the bottleneck on ...

These networks aren’t well known by many, yet they’re responsible for controlling much in our lives. And they’re not very secure. What are the most powerful networks in the world? Those that run the ...

The ISA-18 series of standards and technical reports are a collection of internationally recognized standards developed by the International Society of Automation (ISA). These standards define minimum ...

Recent industry workshops have identified the issues of cyber and physical security risks to process control systems (PCS). There are many cyber and physical security risks to the oil and gas ...

An operating system (OS) is an optional part of an embedded device’s system software stack, meaning that not all embedded systems have one. OSs can be used on any processor (Instruction Set ...