The oil and gas production explosion is driving the renaissance of the chemical and process industries in North America. With low-cost natural gas comes low-cost feedstock for many chemical compounds, ...

1.1 Typical schedules (e.g., rotating 12-hour shifts) add 10%–30% overtime plus shift differentials ($1.50–$3.00/hr). 1.2 Rough annualization: \( \text{Annual Base} = \text{Hourly} \times 2{,}080 \).

In a typical process plant, a number of plant parameters will be monitored by individual alarms to ensure safety. If any process parameter crosses its upper or lower limit, the control room is alerted ...

In today's competitive environment, process industry companies are focused on two key objectives: profitability and delivering value to customers. However, these objectives are often disparate goals ...

A steel processing plant in South Africa needed to upgrade its Wonderware InTouch 7.0 to version 9.5. Plant operators tried the initial upgrade and no errors were reported. But the implementation on ...