Identifying causal relationships from observational data is not easy. Still, researchers are often interested in examining the effects of policy changes or other decisions. In those analyses, ...

What do you do, when you need a random number in your programming? The chances are that you reach for your environment’s function to do the job, usually something like rand () or similar. This ...

A random variable is one whose value is unknown or a function that assigns values to each of an experiment’s outcomes. A random variable can be discrete or continuous.