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KLAUS BÜDENBENDER, TORE GRÜNERT, HANS-JÜRGEN SEBASTIAN, A Hybrid Tabu Search/Branch-and-Bound Algorithm for the Direct Flight Network Design Problem, Transportation Science, Vol. 34, No. 4 (November ...
The most widely used training algorithm of neural networks (NNs) is back propagation (BP), a gradient-based technique that requires significant computational effort. Metaheuristic search techniques ...