The pH scale is used to measure the acidity of a fluid. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, whereas a pH result below 7 is acidic and above 7 is alkaline. Urine has the widest ...

One patient had multiple false positive toxicology tests after taking a popular diabetes drug. Despite not ingesting alcohol for over 10 months, a man in his early 60s tested positive for ethanol in ...

A urine protein test measures the amount of protein in a urine sample. A doctor may suggest this test to help evaluate and monitor kidney function and potentially detect kidney damage. The kidneys ...

A urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) test looks for high levels of protein in your urine, which can happen in kidney disease. Results that are higher than average may be a sign of a kidney-related ...

For court officials, a urine test is Exhibit A of success or failure. If the urine is clean, probation continues; dirty, and the defendant typically faces jail time. But what if the person collecting ...