Rationale Surgeries that require one-lung ventilation have high rates of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications with associated morbidity and mortality. Statins may limit inflammation involved in ...

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A 26-year-old man presented with exertional dyspnoea and was diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) of uncertain aetiology at multiple hospitals. A high-resolution chest CT scan revealed ...

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis and is particularly relevant to people living ...

Objective Long-term azithromycin treatment effectively prevents acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...

Rationale Despite high prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping), little is currently known regarding the health effects of secondhand nicotine vape exposure. Objective To investigate whether exposure to ...

Background Nocturnal hypoxia is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes significantly to poor disease prognosis. However, its key environmental risk factors and ...

A 14-year-old girl was diagnosed with pectus excavatum at birth and underwent corrective surgery at the age of 4. Preoperative chest CT scan incidentally revealed multiple cystic lesions in the right ...

A pillar of the WHO End TB Strategy is targeted latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing to identify persons who would benefit from TB preventive treatment (TPT).1 The WHO recommends the ...

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterised by damage to the epithelial layer, closely associated with the alveolar basement membrane (BM). We aimed to investigate how type IV ...

Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous disease with frequently associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). We aimed to determine the prognostic potential of phenotyping patients ...

Background Prior work suggests different interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that share the radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern have an overall worse prognosis. However, ...