In his preview of the upcoming NATO summit, the alliance’s secretary general Mark Rutte was clear: he expects that “allied leaders will agree to spend 5% of GDP on defence”. After all, “Russia could ...

Europe’s shrinking and ageing population is not just a domestic issue – it is a strategic challenge with global implications. As population dynamics reshape the international balance of power, Europe ...

As technological innovation continues to reshape the global economy and intensify geopolitical competition, the recently published International Digital Strategy reaffirms the EU’s commitment to ...

Iran’s strikes on the Al Udeid air base in Qatar on June 23rd forced the Gulf states to confront a long-feared scenario: getting caught in the crossfires of an Israel-Iran conflict. While Tehran ...

Israel’s war of choice against Iran is quickly approaching the point of no return. If the United States joins the fray, as President Donald Trump is close to authorising, the war will become more ...

A humanitarian crisis in Gaza; question marks around Iran; unstable governments in eastern Europe; and the growth of China’s economic and military might. All are cause for concern—and all provide the ...

Problem The run-up to this year’s NATO summit forced alliance members to respond to President Donald Trump’s demands for domestic defence spending of 5%. In contrast, Ukraine was the centrepiece of ...

The intensifying conflict between Israel and Iran has captured the world’s attention. But as missiles pound Israel and Iran and (some) world leaders hurriedly call for de-escalation, the situation in ...

Amid much speculation surrounding Ukraine’s future—including ceasefires, peace talks and broader geopolitical shifts—ECFR has launched a new podcast mini-series that brings Ukrainian perspectives to ...

Rightly and inevitably, Britain’s new strategic defence review has been shaped by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine—and by the unexpected successes of Ukraine’s resistance. Vladimir Putin’s ambition to ...

In a nighttime raid on June 8th, Ukrainian forces claim to have damaged two Russian fighter jets on an airfield deep inside Russia. This follows two special intelligence operations a week ...

The United States has now entered the war between Israel and Iran by conducting unprecedented military attacks against Iranian nuclear facilities. These pre-emptive strikes, carried out without the ...